I’m curious about the roots of Christian architecture and am seeking to identify the oldest church in the world. This question not only touches on architectural history but also on the early spread of Christianity. Could anyone provide insights or references to what is considered the oldest church? Additionally, how do historians and archaeologists determine the age and authenticity of such ancient religious sites? Any information on the different claims and their supporting evidence would be greatly appreciated.
The Dura-Europos church in Syria is the oldest surviving church building, dating back to between 233 and 256 AD.
Additionally, the archaeological remains of the Aqaba Church and the Megiddo church, both located within the Roman Empire’s administrative Diocese of the East, are considered to be among the world’s oldest known purpose-built churches, dating back to the 3rd century.
It is believed to be the world’s oldest Christian cathedral.
It was constructed in 301 AD on top of a pagan temple. It has been reconstructed many times, featuring different styles of Armenian architecture.
Today, it is home to the Catholicos, the leader of the Armenian Church, and provided shelter for Turkish Armenian refugees during the Armenian Genocide.
You make a valid point that “firstness” isn’t necessarily the best way to approach the concept of apostolic succession. Traditionally, apostolic succession is often understood as the passing down of spiritual authority through the laying on of hands from bishops to their successors. However, another valid perspective is seeing apostolic succession as the transmission of the Gospel message from the original apostles down through generations of believers, ultimately reaching us today.
In this broader sense, apostolic succession focuses less on strict chronology and more on the continuity of the Gospel message and the ongoing work of God in the Church. It highlights the spiritual lineage of faith and mission that connects believers across time, emphasizing the living tradition and ongoing presence of God’s work in our lives today.
